In the left diagram line segment is tangent to the inner circle of an annular ring Using the sweep slider you can sweep through the entire area of the ring Simultaneously on the right that same line segment —now with one end pegged to a single point—sweeps out the same area but forms a circular disk Surprisingly a new proof of the Pythagorean theorem discovered by Mamikon Mnatsakanian in 1959 first published in 1981 dramatically appears