This publication of the American Geological Institute is a non-technical introduction to evolution and aims to help the general public gain a better understanding of one of the fundamental underlying concepts of modern science. Concepts covered include geologic time, change through time, Darwin's theory of evolution, evolution as a mechanism for change, the nature of species, the nature of theory, paleontology, and determination of age. Four "case studies" highlight examples of evolution from the fossil record to provide a perspective for understanding the evolution of life on Earth.